7-Day Serengeti & Ngorongoro Game Drive Safari from Nairobi — Mara Country, Migration Plains and the Crater
Seven Days of Drive, Away from the Coast Routes
This 7-Day Serengeti & Ngorongoro game drive safari from Nairobi opens a different door onto East Africa: over the border via the Maasai Mara into the northern Serengeti, the central plains and the Ngorongoro Crater floor, then back by road to Nairobi. A private vehicle, one guide and the return corridor confirmed at booking.
The Kenyan Gate to the Serengeti
This 7-Day Serengeti & Ngorongoro game drive safari from Nairobi is the classic loop for travellers who begin in Kenya but want the Serengeti's full width. From Nairobi it crosses into the Maasai Mara, drops over the border into the northern Serengeti migration country, spends a day on the central plains and finishes its wilderness with the Ngorongoro Crater floor before the road leads back to Nairobi.
The journey runs in a private 4WD with one guide-driver for all seven days. The cross-border move is done on confirmed schedules, and the final leg north through the Namanga corridor returns you to Nairobi with a staging night that keeps the last day calm. Every border, game window and overnight is agreed in writing at booking.
- Private 4WD and one guide-driver for the full seven days
- Maasai Mara's border country before the Serengeti begins
- Northern Serengeti's Mara River migration zone
- Full central Serengeti game day around Seronera
- Ngorongoro Crater floor drive and rim overnight
- Confirmed Nairobi return through the Namanga corridor
7-Day Game Drive Quick Facts
The essentials of the Nairobi–Serengeti–crater loop.
A compact two-country sweep
One night in the Mara, one in the northern Serengeti, two on the central plains, one on the crater rim and a final staging night before the Nairobi return.
Night-by-night splits are fixed in your written itinerary at booking.
Comfort that flexes
Established lodges, tented camps and one gateway stay with en-suite rooms and full board, adjustable in tier when you book.
Tiers are settled at booking; equivalents may be substituted.
The loop that returns home
Mara, northern and central Serengeti, the crater — and the road back to Nairobi through the Namanga corridor.
Gates and the border point are fixed at booking.
Six nights of road
Reserve lodge, Serengeti camps, a crater-rim stay and a Nairobi staging night keep the pace comfortable.
Night-by-night property plans vary with season and are confirmed at booking.
Kenya in, Kenya out
The safari collects you from your Nairobi hotel in the morning and returns you to Nairobi on Day 7.
Arrival and final transfer addresses are confirmed in writing.
Every wilderness day on the move
Six or more scheduled drives cover the Mara, the northern Serengeti, the central plains and the crater floor.
Drive counts flex with the road and weather; animals are never a promise.
Private pricing, per head
The quote is per person for your private vehicle and depends on season, accommodation tier and group size.
Your itemised per-person quote follows once dates are shared.
Choose your stage
June to October favours Mara and northern river crossings; December to March the calving south. The loop adjusts by season.
Green shoulder dates bring different scenery and quieter parks.
A deep seven-day list
Wildebeest, zebra and predators across Mara and Serengeti, crater specialists such as black rhino, and residents everywhere.
Season and day-to-day movement decide predator action; never guaranteed.
Big Five on the big loop
Lion, leopard, elephant and buffalo across the route; the crater floor is the best black-rhino ground of the trip.
All-five totals depend on the days, the season and plain fortune.
Seven days of meals
Full board from the first lunch to the final breakfast with water in the vehicle and picnic lunches on full drive days.
Dietary needs, including vegetarian and vegan, are requested at booking.
Your vehicle, your dates
Your private dates, vehicle, borders and overnights are confirmed in writing before you travel.
Add-ons such as balloon mornings are possible on request, quoted separately.
7-Day Itinerary: The Nairobi Loop
Six wilderness nights and a clean return road home.
The morning begins with a hotel collection in Nairobi and a drive south-west into the Great Rift Valley. The escarpment crossing, the soda-lake views and the long drop onto the valley floor open the trip's landscape in the first two hours.
After passing through Narok the road meets Maasai country, and by early afternoon the private 4WD enters the Maasai Mara gate where the reserve's paperwork is settled.
The run to the night's camp becomes an afternoon game drive across the Mara's open plains — the first elephants, giraffes and the reserve's resident lions of the trip.
Dinner and the first night are at a Mara lodge or camp, full board. The guide confirms the border plan for Day 3 over the evening meal.
An early breakfast sends the private vehicle out on the dawn drive, when the Mara's big cats are at their most active. Morning light on the reserve's grasslands is a highlight in its own right.
The day works the river valleys and acacia plains around the camp, reading resident prides, leopard signs and the colonies of hippo in the river pools.
A picnic lunch breaks the middle of the day at a shaded viewpoint with time to stretch and swap guide stories.
In migration season (roughly June to October) the reserve fills with the herds that gave the Mara its fame; in greener months the residents and birds lead the show. The evening returns to camp by dusk.
A short final drive in the Mara precedes the cross-border move. The practical crossing into Tanzania is fixed at booking, and the guide handles both countries' formalities for the group.
Tanzania greets the drive with the northern Serengeti's riverine country around Kogatende — the Mara River zone where in season the herds stage their famous crossings. The landscape widens into riverbeds and scattered kopjes.
An afternoon run toward the night's camp turns into an informal game drive, watching for elephant lines, wildebeest fonda and the resident prides of the north.
The overnight is at a northern-Serengeti camp above the river country, full board. Border queues can stretch the afternoon; the plan protects the drive's light.
The day opens on the northern plains with a dawn game drive around the Mara River viewpoints and valley systems, hunting for the herds and the residents that hold the north year-round.
By mid-morning the drive swings south along the park's arterial roads, converting the transfer into a moving safari across croton scrub and open plains.
A picnic lunch at an acacia grove paces the road, and the afternoon reaches the Seronera river country — central Serengeti's classic predator habitat of river lines and granite kopjes.
A short evening circuit introduces the central grounds before dinner at a Seronera-area lodge or camp, full board.
The dawn drive works the Seronera river lines while the light is soft and last night's kills still steam — leopard drape the water-edge acacias and lion stir from the kopjes.
Mid-morning heads south to the Moru Kopjes, ancient rock outcrops whose silence and lion beyond the crowds give the central park its character. A picnic lunch is set among the boulders.
The afternoon loops back across the plains as herds drift to water, scanning termite mounds for cheetah and following the hyena clans' evening business.
Central residents keep the plains productive in every season; where the migration passes it is spectacle, and where it does not the residents still deliver.
An early start climbs out of the central Serengeti into the Ngorongoro highlands and drops through the crater gate onto the floor — a compressed dawn drive across grasslands, soda lake and swamps for lion, hyena, elephant and the crater's celebrated black rhino ground.
Leaving the crater by mid-morning, the drive descends the highlands and joins the long-curving road toward the Kenya border at Namanga.
The Namanga crossing is confirmed at booking; the guide manages both formalities and the last road leg runs north through the corridor to Nairobi with a late-country lunch en route.
The final staging night is in Nairobi, full board, allowing a relaxed connection to onward flights or the end of the journey the next morning.
The seven days close over the final breakfast in Nairobi, with the last photographs shared and contact details exchanged with the guide.
For Madry morning flight departures, the transfer to Jomo Kenyatta International is confirmed at the time given at booking; a buffer is always built in.
For those continuing their stay, the hotel day is free — city restaurants, the David Sheldrick and giraffe encounters as arranged.
The loop that began in Nairobi returns home to Nairobi: private vehicle, one guide, two countries, and the Serengeti's width in between.
Why Start From Nairobi?
A Kenyan gate, an honest loop and two countries in one itinerary.
The Kenyan Advantage
Fluent Nairobi connections, no internal flight juggling, and a route that begins and ends in the same city.
Two-Country Depth
Border country in the Mara, the northern migration corridor and the crater floor in a single private sweep.
One Guide, Seven Days
Your guide-driver stays with the vehicle from Nairobi to Nairobi, fluent in both parks and both borders.
Confirmed, Honest Planning
Crossings, camps and the return corridor are agreed in writing — no distance surprises on the last day.
Your Route in 7 Days
A private one-way sweep with a clean road home.
Nairobi
Hotel collection and the Rift Valley road.
Maasai Mara
A boundary-night in the reserve.
Northern Serengeti
The Mara River migration country.
Central Serengeti
Seronera and the Moru Kopjes.
Ngorongoro Crater
Floor drive and the highlands.
Nairobi Return
The Namanga corridor staging night.
Interactive Safari Map
Follow the Nairobi loop from the Mara through the Serengeti and crater, then north along the return corridor home.
Key Locations on This Safari
- Nairobi
Hotel collection and departure
Day 1 - Maasai Mara
One full reserve day
Days 1-3 - Northern Serengeti
Mara River migration country
Days 3-4 - Central Serengeti
Seronera and Moru Kopjes
Days 4-6 - Ngorongoro Crater
Dawn floor drive in the highlands
Day 6 - Nairobi Return
Namanga corridor staging night
Days 6-7
Why Choose Kizza Adventures?
We're not just another tour operator — we're Tanzanian locals who live, breathe, and protect this land every day.
Local Tanzanian Experts
Born and raised in Tanzania. Our knowledge comes from growing up here, not from a textbook.
Your Party, Your Pace
Private vehicle arrangements available — the safari is described as private only when your confirmed booking specifies it.
Experienced Guides
All guides have 8+ years experience, professional certifications, and specialist knowledge in wildlife, birds, and photography.
Custom Itineraries
Every safari is tailored to your interests, budget, and schedule. No fixed templates — your trip, your way.
Transparent Pricing
No hidden fees. What we quote is what you pay. All taxes, park fees, and service charges included.
Excellent Reviews
5.0☆ average rating from 187+ verified reviews on Google, TripAdvisor, and SafariBookings.
Fast Response Time
We respond to inquiries within 1 hour during business hours. Most questions answered in under 30 minutes.
24/7 Support
From booking to departure, your dedicated safari consultant is available anytime via WhatsApp. On-ground support throughout.
Wildlife of the Nairobi Loop
The same grand cast, seen from the Kenyan gate.
Wildebeest
The migration's millions in season; resident herds in the parks year-round.
Zebra
Striped escorts of the herds across the Mara and the Serengeti plains.
Lion
Mara prides, northern river-country prides and central kopjes anchors.
Leopard
River-line acacias of the central park and the Mara woodland.
Cheetah
Open short-grass sprinters of the central Serengeti.
Elephant
Family herds along river lines and the crater swamps.
Black Rhino
The crater floor carries the loop's best rhino odds.
Buffalo
Dusty grazing herds on the plains and the crater grasslands.
Giraffe
Tall browsers framing every open view across both countries.
Hippo
Pods grunting in the Seronera pools and the Mara river.
Spotted Hyena
Clan life and dusk calls on every stage of the loop.
Birdlife
Bustards, secretary birds, raptors and vultures across both parks.
Wildlife Sighting Checklist
A practical scanning table for the seven days.
| Animal | Sighting Probability | Best Time | Best Location on This Safari |
|---|---|---|---|
Wildebeest | High | Seasonal | Mara & northern Serengeti |
Zebra | High | All day | Plains & waterlines |
Lion | High | Dawn & dusk | All three parks |
Leopard | Moderate | First & last light | River-line acacias |
Cheetah | Moderate | Mid-morning | Central open plains |
Elephant | High | All day | River lines & crater |
Black Rhino | Rare | Daytime | Ngorongoro Crater floor |
Buffalo | High | All day | Plains & crater |
Hippo | Good | Midday | Seronera & crater pools |
Giraffe | Good | Morning & evening | Open savanna |
Spotted Hyena | Good | Dusk | Open country |
Birdlife | High | Daytime | All ecosystems |
No sighting is guaranteed. Animal movement varies with season, rainfall, food and the daily conditions of the ecosystem.
From Our Guide's Notebook
A guide note for the Nairobi loop.
The Return Road is Part of the Safari
Most travellers plan the wilderness days and forget the road home — six hours through the Namanga corridor between the crater and Nairobi is a real journey, and its pace shapes the last day. That is why Day 6 keeps an early crater exit and why the staging night in Nairobi is booked, so the final morning is calm. On the crossing itself, have your passport ready at the window, keep boarding cards for each stamp, and pack snacks for both queues. The guide handles both sides; you handle patience. And on any green-season date, trade a half hour of herd-waiting for the residents — the crater never closes its office.
Field notes are shared on the road and adapted to the day's conditions.
Meet Your Expert Safari Guide
Your guide is the difference between a good safari and a life-changing one. Every Kizza Adventures guide is born-and-raised Tanzanian with years of professional experience.
Daniel Mrith — Kizza Adventures Safari Guide
"Jambo! I'm Daniel, born and raised at the foot of Mount Kilimanjaro in a small village called Moshi. I've been guiding safaris for over 12 years — I started as a driver-guide assistant, learning every river crossing, kopje, and lion pride territory by heart before I ever led my first solo trip. I still get excited every time I enter the Serengeti.
My most memorable sighting? Last July, we watched a cheetah mother teach her three cubs to hunt on the Serengeti plains — it took over two hours, and by the end there wasn't a dry eye in the vehicle. These are the moments a guide book can't prepare you for.
I know the Serengeti like my backyard — where the lions are resting at 10 AM, where the leopards hunt at dusk, and where the migration will be based on the last rains. Let me show you the Tanzania I grew up loving."
Where You Sleep on the Loop
Six nights across lodges, camps and the Nairobi staging stay.

Maasai Mara Lodge or Camp
A mid-range full-board property on the reserve's game-drive circuit with en-suite tents or rooms and evening game reports.

Northern Serengeti Camp
A mid-range camp built for the migration country with en-suite tents, full-board meals and dawn departures toward the river viewpoints.

Central Serengeti Lodge
A Seronera-area property chosen for its position on the central game circuits, with restaurant dining and early starts toward the river lines.

Ngorongoro Crater Rim Property
A rim lodge with calm above the caldera, full-board dining and the dawn descent that beats the crater crowds.

Nairobi Staging Hotel
A comfortable full-board hotel for the return-corridor night, chosen for easy Jomo Kenyatta connections on the final morning.
Camps and lodges are subject to availability. Equivalent or superior alternatives may be substituted where necessary. Contact us for the current selection.
Getting Around
One private 4WD, one guide, seven days and a confirmed return.
Private 4WD
Your own Land Cruiser-style 4WD with pop-up roof, cooler box and charging for the whole route.
Your Guide-Driver
One English-speaking guide-driver stays with the vehicle from Nairobi to Nairobi for all seven days.
Collection & Finish
Morning hotel collection in Nairobi on Day 1 and the confirmed Nairobi drop on Day 7.
Border Management
The Kenya–Tanzania crossing is confirmed at booking; the guide coordinates both formalities.
Return Corridor
The Namanga road north is part of the itinerary — planned, paced and confirmed in writing.
Road Reality
Transfers are full of wildlife stops but honestly long at the edges; picnic lunches pace every road day.
Safari Vehicle
Your vehicle is more than transport — it's your mobile observation deck and photography platform through the whole route.
Safari Vehicle (Pop-Up Roof)
Game-viewing vehicles with pop-up roofs for open views of the plains. Private vehicle arrangements are available — the safari is described as private only when your confirmed booking specifies it.
Charging Ports & Fridge
Every vehicle has USB and 12V charging ports for your cameras and devices. A cooler box with bottled water, soft drinks, and snacks is restocked daily. Additional alcohol available on request.
Binoculars, Guide Books & First Aid
Each vehicle is equipped with Swarovski binoculars, wildlife reference books, bird identification guides, a comprehensive first aid kit, and emergency communication equipment (satellite phone in remote areas).
Photography-Friendly Design
Vehicles have removable window panels for unobstructed photography, bean bags for lens stabilization, and a guide who understands positioning for the best light and composition.
Vehicle WiFi (Select Areas)
Complimentary WiFi is available in lodge areas and most park gates. Our vehicles carry portable hotspots where coverage is available, so you can share your safari moments live.
Complimentary Drinks & Snacks
Stay hydrated with bottled water, soft drinks, beer, and wine. Snacks include nuts, biscuits, fresh fruit, and local treats. Bush breakfasts and sundowners are part of the experience.
The Great Migration & Best Time to Visit
How the migration shapes the Nairobi loop.
The Great Migration — Nature's Greatest Spectacle
The same herds that cross the Mara River drive the northern Serengeti's drama, and this itinerary is deliberately routed to the migration's country for your season of travel.
In the green months the herds sit farther south around the calving plains, which the loop balances with central-Serengeti and crater weight so the parks stay productive.
No private departure can promise a crossing or a calving on fixed dates. Your consultant confirms the seasonal routing against your window, and the guide reads the herds daily.
Guides plan around current wildlife movements, subject to natural conditions and the location of the herds on your travel dates.
Month-by-Month Wildlife Calendar
Temperature range: 18°C (64°F) mornings to 28°C (82°F) afternoons. Crater rim evenings drop to 10°C (50°F) — bring a jacket.
Great Migration Month-by-Month Tracker
Follow the herds across the Serengeti-Mara ecosystem. Our guides update this in real-time based on current migration patterns.
We track the migration by satellite and guide reports. Your itinerary adapts to where the herds are.
Safari Photography Guide
Capture the Serengeti like a pro. Our guides are trained to help you get the shot.
Recommended Gear
DSLR or mirrorless with a telephoto zoom (200-400mm or 100-400mm ideal). A wide-angle (16-35mm) for landscapes and camp shots. Spare batteries and memory cards are essential — charging available at all accommodations.
Golden Hour Magic
The best light is 6:00–8:30 AM and 4:30–6:30 PM. Our game drives are scheduled around these windows. The low angle creates warm tones, long shadows, and dramatic wildlife portraits.
Drone Regulations
Drones are strictly prohibited in Tanzanian national parks without special permits. Do not bring a drone — it will be confiscated at entry points. We offer professional aerial footage upon request (pre-arranged).
Guide Positioning
Our guides communicate with each other via radio to share sightings. They position the vehicle at the optimal angle for light, composition, and safety. Don't hesitate to ask your guide to move the vehicle for a better shot.
Vehicle Bean Bags
Each vehicle has a window-mount bean bag for lens stabilization. This is more effective than a tripod and allows quick setup when the action is happening. We also carry a monopod in the vehicle.
Protect Your Gear
Dust is the #1 enemy of camera equipment. Bring a camera dust blower, lens cleaning cloths, and a rain cover (dust cover). Zip-lock bags for memory cards and batteries. Avoid changing lenses in open air when possible.
What to Pack for 7 Days
Light enough for a private 4WD, warm enough for the rim.
Essential Packing
- Soft, neutral clothing layers for several full-board days
- Warm jacket for early drives and the crater rim
- Comfortable walking shoes and camp sandals
- Sunscreen, wide hat and long-sleeved layers
- Binoculars and a camera with extra batteries and cards
- Passport and written booking documents
Nice to Have
- Refillable water bottle
- Personal medications and a small first-aid kit
- Power bank and charging cables
- USD or local notes for tips and incidentals
- A light rain layer for green-season dates
- Snacks for the Namanga return corridor
Essential Travel Tips for Tanzania
Everything you need to know before you arrive — visa, vaccines, money, SIM cards, and more.
Visa Requirements
Most nationalities require a visa for Tanzania. E-visa available at visa.immigration.go.tz (apply 2+ weeks before travel). Visa on arrival also available at JRO/NBO airports — $50 USD for US citizens, $50 for most others. Check your country's specific requirements.
Health & Vaccinations
Yellow Fever certificate required if travelling from an endemic country. Recommended: Hepatitis A, Typhoid, Tetanus, and routine vaccinations. Malaria prophylaxis is strongly recommended — consult your doctor 4-6 weeks before travel.
Travel Insurance
Comprehensive travel insurance is mandatory. Must cover medical evacuation, trip cancellation, baggage loss, and emergency repatriation. We recommend World Nomads, SafetyWing, or your local provider. We do not sell insurance but can advise on adequate coverage.
Money & Tipping
USD is widely accepted. Carry small bills ($1, $5, $10, $20) for tips and incidentals. ATMs available in Arusha but unreliable in safari areas. Recommended tipping: guide $20-30/day, cook $10-15/day. Credit cards accepted at lodges (3-5% surcharge).
SIM Cards & Internet
Buy a local SIM at JRO airport arrivals or in Arusha. Vodacom and Airtel have the best coverage in safari areas. 10GB data costs ~$10. Lodge WiFi is available but can be slow in remote areas. WhatsApp works well throughout most of the Serengeti.
Tipping Culture & Etiquette
Tanzania has a tipping culture. Tipping is not mandatory but is appreciated. Safari guides rely on tips as a significant part of their income. Tipping guideline: Safari guide $20-30 per person per day. Lodge staff $5-10 per day. Use the lodge tip box for general staff.
Honeymoon & Family Safari Options
Private, comfortable and honest — built for two, fine for families.
Couples' Two-Country Drive
A private vehicle means the loop runs on your rhythms — lay-ins, long Saturday lunches at camps, a sunrise crater reserved for two.
Add a balloon morning or an extra crater-rise on request, quoted separately.
All add-ons are optional and always quoted separately.
Families from Nairobi
Older children thrive on the Narok view, the border stamp hunt and the crater floor — with full-board lodges that make meals easy.
Child rates and family rooms are confirmed at booking.
The private format helps families keep their own pace.
Travellers on the Northern Circuit
Read verified TripAdvisor reviews from travellers who have explored the Serengeti and Ngorongoro with Kizza Adventures.
Planning this trip? Get your safari quote on WhatsApp →
Related Safari Packages
Compare the Nairobi loop with the wider Serengeti range.
Frequently Booked Together
Add-ons that pair naturally with the loop's return road.
Safari Gallery — Experience It Before You Arrive
Six frames from the Nairobi loop.





More than 40 original images available in our full gallery. View complete gallery →
Choosing Your Game Drive Safari
How the seven-day loop stacks up against its neighbours.
| Feature | 7-Day Game Drive from Nairobi (This Safari) | 6-Day Private Luxury from Nairobi | 9-Day Small Group Loop |
|---|---|---|---|
| Style | Private · mid-range | Private · luxury camps | Shared · mid-range |
| Group Size | Private for your party | Private for your party | Max 7 shared |
| Coverage | Mara + north + central + crater + Nairobi return | Mara + north + central + crater | Mara + north + central + crater + gateway |
| Accommodation | Lodges & camps & Nairobi stage | Premium tented camps | Lodges, camps & hotels |
| Finish | Returns to Nairobi | Nairobi or Arusha/Kilimanjaro | Nairobi or Arusha/Kilimanjaro |
| Price Guide | Per person on request | Price on request | Per person on request |
Safari Video Highlights
Watch the Serengeti come alive through our lens. Real moments from actual Kizza Adventures safaris.
View our full video library on YouTube →
Inclusions & Your Quote
Everything you need to know about what's covered and what's not.
Included
- Private 4WD safari vehicle with pop-up roof for seven days
- English-speaking guide-driver for the full loop
- All Maasai Mara, Serengeti and Ngorongoro entry and conservation fees
- Six nights of full-board accommodation including the Nairobi staging night
- Drinking water in the vehicle
- Six or more scheduled game drives across the route
- Nairobi hotel collection on Day 1 and Nairobi drop on Day 7
Not Included
- International and domestic flights (quoted separately if needed)
- Kenya and Tanzania visa fees and border documentation
- Drinks beyond water in the vehicle
- Tips for your guide and lodge staff (customary, at your discretion)
- Personal shopping, laundry and optional activities
- Extra private vehicles or add-ons beyond the booked loop
Your Quote, Built Around Your Dates
| Quote Field | Your Arrangement |
|---|---|
| Safari Price | Per person, Price on request — quoted for your dates |
| Vehicle | Private 4WD for your party |
| Deposit & Payment | Payment details confirmed on booking |
| Single Traveller | Single-room supplements where applied |
| Children Policy | Child rates on request (age 5+ typically) |
| Confirmation | Borders, camps, drives and the return confirmed on booking |
* The total price depends on travel dates, park fee season, accommodation availability, number of travellers and the inclusions selected. No fixed price is displayed here — request your current quote below.
How to Book Your Safari
Booking your dream safari is simple. Just 6 steps from inquiry to adventure.
Enquire for Dates
Message with your window and group size for a per-person quote.
Hold Your Dates
Your private vehicle and nights are held provisionally while you plan.
Receive the Itinerary
The written plan confirms border, camps, drives and the Nairobi return.
Confirm & Pay
The private booking is locked on acceptance and deposit.
Prepare Your Documents
Visa guidance, health notes, packing list and collection details are sent.
Collect in Nairobi
Day 1 begins at your Nairobi hotel, and Day 7 returns you home.
Frequently Asked Questions
Answers from travellers planning the Nairobi loop.
Ready to Drive the Nairobi Loop?
Message Kizza Adventures for your dates: per-person pricing, the confirmed border plan and a private 7-Day Serengeti & Ngorongoro game drive safari from Nairobi via the Maasai Mara.
Availability, dates and pricing are confirmed on booking.